海商法（第七章海上拖航合同 中英文）

Chapter VII Contract of Sea Towage第七章 海上拖航合同
Article 155A contract of sea towage is a contract whereby the tugowner undertakes to tow an object by sea with a tug from one place to another and the tow party pays the towage.
The provisions of this Chapter shall not be applicable to the towage service rendered to ships within the port area.
第一百五十五条 海上拖航合同，是指承拖方用拖轮将被拖物经海路从一地拖至另一地，而由被拖方支付拖航费的合同。
本章规定不适用于在港区内对船舶提供的拖轮服务。
 
Article 156A contract of sea towage shall be made in writing. Its contents shall mainly include name and address of the tugowner, name and address of the tow party, name and main particulars of the tug and name and main particulars of the object to be towed, horse power of the tug, place of commencement of the towage and the destination, the date of commencement of the towage, towage price and the way of payment thereof, as well as other relevant matters.
第一百五十六条 海上拖航合同应当书面订立。海上拖航合同的内容，主要包括承拖方和被拖方的名称和住所、拖轮和被拖物的名称和主要尺度、拖轮马力、起拖地和目的地、起拖日期、拖航费及其支付方式，以及其他有关事项。
 
Article 157The tugowner shall, before and at the beginning of the towage, exercise due diligence to make the tug seaworthy and towworthy and to properly man the tug and equip it with gears and tow lines and to provide all other necessary supplies and appliances for the intended voyage.
The tow party shall, before and at the beginning of the towage, make all necessary preparations therefor and shall exercise due diligence to make the object to be towed towworthy and shall give a true account of the object to be towed and provide the certificate of towworthiness and other documents issued by the relevant survey and inspection organizations.
第一百五十七条 承拖方在起拖前和起拖当时，应当谨慎处理，使拖轮处于适航、适拖状态，妥善配备船员，配置拖航索具和配备供应品以及该航次必备的其他装置、设备。
被拖方在起拖前和起拖当时，应当做好被拖物的拖航准备，谨慎处理，使被拖物处于适拖状态，并向承拖方如实说明被拖物的情况，提供有关检验机构签发的被拖物适合拖航的证书和有关文件。
 
Article 158If before the commencement of the towage service, due to force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of either party, the towage contract could not be performed, either party may cancel the contract and neither shall be liable to the other. In such event, the towage price that had already been paid shall be returned to the tow party by the tugowner, unless otherwise agreed upon in the towage contract.
第一百五十八条 起拖前，因不可抗力或者其他不能归责于双方的原因致使合同不能履行的，双方均可以解除合同，并互相不负赔偿责任。除合同另有约定外，拖航费已经支付的，承拖方应当退还给被拖方。
 
Article 159If after the commencement of the towage service, due to force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of either party, the towage contract could not be performed, either party may cancel the towage contract and neither shall be liable to the other.
第一百五十九条 起拖后，因不可抗力或者其他不能归责于双方的原因致使合同不能继续履行的，双方均可以解除合同，并互相不负赔偿责任。
 
Article 160Where the object towed could not reach its destination due to force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of either party, unless the towage contract provides otherwise, the tugowner may deliver the object towed to the tow party or its agent at a place near the destination or at a safe port or an anchorage chosen by the Master of the tug, and the contract of towage shall be deemed to have been fulfilled.
第一百六十条 因不可抗力或者其他不能归责于双方的原因致使被拖物不能拖至目的地的，除合同另有约定外，承拖方可以在目的地的邻近地点或者拖轮船长选定的安全的港口或者锚泊地 ，将被拖物移交给被拖方或者其代理人，视为已经履行合同。
 
Article 161Where the tow party fails to pay the towage price or other reasonable expenses as agreed, the tugowner shall have a lien on the object towed.
第一百六十一条 被拖方未按照约定支付拖航费和其他合理费用的，承拖方对被拖物有留置权。
 
Article 162In the course of the sea towage, if the damage suffered by the tugowner or the tow party was caused by the fault of one of the parties, the party in fault shall be liable for compensation. If the damage was caused by the faults of both parties, both parties shall be liable for compensation in proportion to the extent of their respective faults.
Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the tugowner shall not be liable if he proves that the damage suffered by the tow party is due to one of the following causes:
(1) Fault of the Master or other crew members of the tug or the pilot or other servants or agents of the tugowner in the navigation and management of the tug:
(2) Fault of the tug in saving or attempting to save life or property at sea.
The provisions of this Article shall only apply if and when there are no provisions or no different provisions in this regard in the sea towage contract.
第一百六十二条 在海上拖航过程中，承拖方或者被拖方遭受的损失，由一方的过失造成的，有过失的一方应当负赔偿责任；由双方过失造成的，各方按照过失程度的比例负赔偿责任。
　　虽有前款规定，经承拖方证明，被拖方的损失是由于下列原因之一造成的，承拖方不负赔偿责任：
　　（一）拖轮船长、船员、引航员或者承拖方的其他受雇人、代理人在驾驶拖轮或者管理拖轮中的过失；
　　（二）拖轮在海上救助或者企图救助人命或者财产时的过失。
本条规定仅在海上拖航合同没有约定或者没有不同约定时适用。
 
Article 163If death of or personal injury to a third party or damage to property thereof has occurred during the sea towage due to the fault of the tugowner or the tow party, the tugowner and the tow party shall be liable jointly and severally to that third party. Except as otherwise provided for in the towage contract, the party that has jointly and severally paid a compensation in an amount exceeding the proportion for which it is liable shall have the right of recourse against the other party.
第一百六十三条 在海上拖航过程中，由于承拖方或者被拖方的过失，造成第三人人身伤亡或者财产损失的，承拖方和被拖方对第三人负连带赔偿责任。除合同另有约定外，一方连带支付的赔偿超过其应当承担的比例的，对另一方有追偿权。
 
Article 164Where a tugowner towing a barge owned or operated by him to transport goods by sea from one port to another, it shall be deemed as an act of carriage of goods by sea.
第一百六十四条 拖轮所有人拖带其所有的或者经营的驳船载运货物，经海路由一港运至另一港的，视为海上货物运输。