最高人民法院关于审理涉外民事或商事合同纠纷案件法律适用若干问题的规定

法释〔2007〕14号    Law explanation No. 14 〔2007〕
 
已于2007年6月11日由最高人民法院审判委员会第1429次会议通过，现予公布，自2007年8月8日起施行。
Adopted on 11^th June, 2007 through the 1429th conference of Supreme People's Court Judicial Committee, being hereby promulgated, and the execution shall be taken from  8^th August, 2007 .
 
　　二○○七年七月二十三日  23th July 2007
 
为正确审理涉外民事或商事合同纠纷案件，准确适用法律，根据《中华人民共和国民法通则》、《中华人民共和国合同法》等有关规定，制定本规定。
In order to correctly hear the dispute cases of foreign-related civil or commercial contract, apply accurate and applicable law for hearing the cases, according to the General Principles of Civil Law and Contract Law of the People's Republic of China, and other relevant provisions, this provision is enacted.
 
第一条                         涉外民事或商事合同应适用的法律，是指有关国家或地区的实体法，不包括冲突法和程序法。
Article 1.  The laws appled to the contract on foreign-related civil or commercial matters  should be refered to as the substantive laws in respected the country or region herewithin, but do not include conflict law and procedural law.
 
第二条                         本规定所称合同争议包括合同的订立、合同的效力、合同的履行、合同的变更和转让、合同的终止以及违约责任等争议。
The term contractual disputes refered herein include such disputes as contract conclution, the validity of the contract, the performance and execution of the contract, alteration and transfer of the contract, termination of contract and breach of contract as like.
 
第三条       当事人选择或者变更选择合同争议应适用的法律，应当以明示的方式进行。
The parties thereto , choose or change choice of the law which be applied to the contract dispute, should carry through in expressly manner.
 
第四条   当事人在一审法庭辩论终结前通过协商一致，选择或者变更选择合同争议应适用的法律的，人民法院应予准许。
Article 4. The parties in the debate could, prioer to the end of the court  argument of first instance, choose or change the choice of the applicable law to the disputes by consensus, to which the people's court shall permit.
 
当事人未选择合同争议应适用的法律，但均援引同一国家或者地区的法律且未提出法律适用异议的，应当视为当事人已经就合同争议应适用的法律作出选择。
Although no applicable law to be chosen by the parties, but invoke the law of the same country or region and no objection on the same, it should be regarded as the parties have chosen the law being applicable to the dispute.
 
第五条   当事人未选择合同争议应适用的法律的，适用与合同有最密切联系的国家或者地区的法律。
Article 5. Where the parties have not chosen the law applicable to contractual disputes, the law of the country or region with the closest relation to the contract shall be prevail.
 
人民法院根据最密切联系原则确定合同争议应适用的法律时，应根据合同的特殊性质，以及某一方当事人履行的义务，最能体现合同的本质特性等因素，确定与合同有最密切联系的国家或者地区的法律作为合同的准据法。
People's Court should, while determining the appliable law to the contract dispute according to the most significant relationship principle , base on the particularity of the contract, party's obligations and the factor which best able to reflect the essential characteristics of contract and so on, and determine the law of the country or region with most closely relation to the contract as the applicable law.
 
（一）买卖合同，适用合同订立时卖方住所地法；如果合同是在买方住所地谈判并订立的，或者合同明确规定卖方须在买方住所地履行交货义务的，适用买方住所地法。
The contract of sale and purchase shall be applied to the law of the seller’s domicile; if the negotiation and conclution of contract is in the buyer’s domicile or the contract stipulate that the seller must effect the performance of deliver at the buyer’s domiocile, the law of buyer’s domicile shall be applicable.
 
（二）来料加工、来件装配以及其他各种加工承揽合同，适用加工承揽人住所地法。
The furnished raw material processing, assembly, and other types of processing contracts shall be applicable to the law of the domicile of processing contractor.
 
（三）成套设备供应合同，适用设备安装地法。
The contract of complete sets of equipment shall be applied to the law of place in which equipment installation taken.
 
（四）不动产买卖、租赁或者抵押合同，适用不动产所在地法。
The contract of Real estate sale and purchase, lease or mortgage shall be applicable of the law of the place in which real estate is located.
 
（五）动产租赁合同，适用出租人住所地法。
Chattel lease contract shall be appliabel to the law of the place in which the lessor domicile to be.
 
（六）动产质押合同，适用质权人住所地法。
The chattel pledge contract shall be appliable to the law of pledgee's domicile.
 
（七）借款合同，适用贷款人住所地法。
Loan contract shall be applicable to the law of lender domicile.
 
（八）保险合同，适用保险人住所地法。
Insurance contract shall be applicable to the law of insurance underwriter‘s domicile.
 
（九）融资租赁合同，适用承租人住所地法。
The finance leasing contract shall be appliable to the law of lessee’s domicile.
 
（十）建设工程合同，适用建设工程所在地法。
The construction contract shall be appliable to the law of the place in which location of the construction works being.
 
（十一）仓储、保管合同，适用仓储、保管人住所地法。
The contract of storage and keeping shall be appliable to the law of the domicle of storage manager and keeper.
 
（十二）保证合同，适用保证人住所地法。
The pledge or guarantee contract shall beappliable to the law of guarantor’s domicile.
 
（十三）委托合同，适用受托人住所地法。
The consign contract shall be appliable to the law of assignee’s domiclile.
 
（十四）债券的发行、销售和转让合同，分别适用债券发行地法、债券销售地法和债券转让地法。
The contract of bond’s issuance, sale and transfer shall be appliable the law of the place of its issuance, the place of its sale and the place of its transfer separately.
 
（十五）拍卖合同，适用拍卖举行地法。
The auction contract shall be appliable to the law of the place in which auction held.
 
（十六）行纪合同，适用行纪人住所地法。
The contract of commission agency shall be appliable to the law of broker’s domicile.
 
（十七）居间合同，适用居间人住所地法。
The intermediary contract shall be appliable to the law of the intermediator’s domicile.
 
如果上述合同明显与另一国家或者地区有更密切联系的，适用该另一国家或者地区的法律。
Should the contracts have obvious closer ties with another country or region, the application of the law of another country or region shall be prevail to the same.
 
第六条               当事人规避中华人民共和国法律、行政法规的强制性规定的行为，不发生适用外国法律的效力，该合同争议应当适用中华人民共和国法律。
Artilcle 6. None of any party’s deliberate elusion to People's Republic of China laws, administrative regulations, the mandatory provisions shall take effectiveness of application of foreign law, such contract dispute shall apply the law of People’s Republic of China.
 
第七条       适用外国法律违反中华人民共和国社会公共利益的，该外国法律不予适用，而应当适用中华人民共和国法律。
Article 7.  If application of foreign law shall be violations of social and public interests of the People's Republic of China, the foreign law is not applicable, and should apply to the laws of the People's Republic.
 
第八条               在中华人民共和国领域内履行的下列合同，适用中华人民共和国法律：
Article 8. The following contracts performed within the territory of the People's Republic of China shall be appliabe to the laws of the People's Republic of China.
 
（一）中外合资经营企业合同；
The contract of sino-foreign joint venture enterprises
 
（二）中外合作经营企业合同；
The contract of sino-foreign cooperative venture enterprises
 
（三）中外合作勘探、开发自然资源合同；
The contract of Chinese-foreign cooperation in exploration and development of natural resources.
 
（四）中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业、外商独资企业股份转让合同；
The contract of sino-foreign joint venture enterprise, sino-foreign cooperative venture enterprise and transfer of shares of foreign-owned enterprise.
 
（五）外国自然人、法人或者其他组织承包经营在中华人民共和国领域内设立的中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业的合同；
The contracts with which the management of sino-foreign joint venture enterprises and sino-foreign cooperative venture enterprises, which sets up within the territory of the People's Republic of China, contracted by foreign natural person, artificial person and other contracting organization.
 
（六）外国自然人、法人或者其他组织购买中华人民共和国领域内的非外商投资企业股东的股权的合同；
The contracts of purchase of non-foreign investment enterprise stockholder's rights which sets up within the territory of the People's Republic of China,by foreign natural person, artificial person and other organization.
 
（七）外国自然人、法人或者其他组织认购中华人民共和国领域内的非外商投资有限责任公司或者股份有限公司增资的合同；
The contract of the capital increase of non-foreign invested the limited liability company and shares limited liability company , which sets up within the territory of the People's Republic of China, subscribed by foreign natural person, artificial person and other organization.
 
（八）外国自然人、法人或者其他组织购买中华人民共和国领域内的非外商投资企业
资产的合同；
The contract of the assets of non-foreign invested the limited liability company and shares limited liability company , which sets up within the territory of the People's Republic of China, purchased by foreign natural person, artificial person and other organization.
 
（九）中华人民共和国法律、行政法规规定应适用中华人民共和国法律的其他合同。
The other contracts which should be appliable to the law of People's Republic of China by the law and regulation of People's Republic of China.
 
第九条   当事人选择或者变更选择合同争议应适用的法律为外国法律时，由当事人提供或者证明该外国法律的相关内容。
Article 9. Where the party thereto choose or alter choice of the appliable law over the dispute of contract as foreign law, the content of the same should be provided by the party.
 
人民法院根据最密切联系原则确定合同争议应适用的法律为外国法律时，可以依职权查明该外国法律，亦可以要求当事人提供或者证明该外国法律的内容。
People's courts can, in accordance with the closest ties principles of law , establishe applicable law over the contractual dispute to foreign law, identify such foreign law and also require the party thereto provide or testify the content of said foreign law.
 
当事人和人民法院通过适当的途径均不能查明外国法律的内容的，人民法院可以适用中华人民共和国法律。
If the parties thereto and the people's court fail, through appropriate channels to identify the content of foreign law, the people's court may apply the laws of the People's Republic of China to the dispute.
 
 
第十条   当事人对查明的外国法律内容经质证后无异议的，人民法院应予确认。当事人有异议的，由人民法院审查认定。
Article 10. Where no objection by the parties thereto on the identified foreign law, the people’s court shall take confirmation to the same. If objection to it, people’s court shall checkup and examine to the same.
 
 
第十一条   涉及香港特别行政区、澳门特别行政区的民事或商事合同的法律适用，参照本规定。
Article 11. The application of the case of civil or commercial contract which involves the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be suitable to refers this stipulation.
 
第十二条   本院以前发布的规定与本规定不一致的，以本规定为准。
Article 12. If the rull and provision prior to this rull are inconsistent with the rugulation, are subject to this provision.