联合国国际贸易运输港站经营人赔偿责任公约 (中英文)

UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LIABILITY OF OPERATORS
OF TRANSPORT TERMINALS IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE, 1991
      联合国国际贸易运输港站经营人赔偿责任公约 (1991年)
 
　简介:本公约于1991年4月2日至19日联合国国际贸易法委员会在维也纳召开的联合国国际贸易运输港站经营人赔偿责任会议上制定，尚未生效。
 
CONTENTS 目录
 
PREAMBLE 导言
Article 1 Definitions第1条 定 义
.Article 2 Scope of application第2条 适用范围
Article 3 Period of responsibility　第3条 责任期限
Article 4 Issuance of document第4条 出具单据
.Article 5 Basis of liability第5条 赔偿责任依据
Article 6 Limits of liability第6条 赔偿责任限额
.Article 7 Application to non-contractual claims第7条 对非约定索赔的适用
.Article 8 Loss of right to limit liability第8条 赔偿责任限额权利的丧失
Article 9 Special rules on dangerous goods　第9条 关于危险货物的特别规则
Article 10 Rights of security in goods第10条 对货物的担保权
Article 11 Notice of loss, damage or delay第11条 灭失、损坏或迟延的通知
Article 12 Limitation of actions第12条 诉讼时效
Article 13 Contractual stipulations第13条 合同规定
Article 14 Interpretation of the Convention　第14条 本公约的解释
Article 15 International transport conventions第15条 国际运输公约
Article 16 Unit of account第16条 记帐单位
Article 17 Depositary　第17条 保存人
Article 18 Signature, ratification, acceptance, approval, accession
第18条 签字、批准、接受、核准、加入
Article 19 Application to territorial units第19条 对领土单位的适用
Article 20 Effect of declaration第20条 声明的生效
Article 21 Reservations　第21条 保 留
Article 22 Entry into force第22条 生 效
Article 23 Revision and amendment第23条 修订和修正
Article 24 Revision of limitation amounts第24条 限额的修订
.Article 25 Denunciation第25条 退 出
 
PREAMBLE 导言
THE CONTRACTING STATES:　REAFFIRMING THEIR CONVICTION that the progressive harmonization and unification of international trade law, in reducing or removing legal　　obstacles to the flow of international trade, especially those affecting　the developing countries, would significantly contribute to universal　economic co-operation among all States on a basis of equality, equity and　common interest and to the elimination of discrimination in international　　trade and, thereby, to the well-being of all peoples;　CONSIDERING the problems created by the uncertainties as to the legal　regime applicable with regard to goods in international carriage when the goods are not in the charge of carriers nor in the charge of cargo-owning　interests but while they are in the charge of operators of transport　terminals in international trade;　　INTENDING to facilitate the movement of goods by establishing uniform　rules concerning liability for loss of, damage to or delay in handing over　such goods while they are in the charge of operators of transport　terminals and are not covered by the laws of carriage arising out of　　conventions applicable to the various modes of transport, HAVE AGREED as follows:
各缔约国：重申坚信逐渐协调和统一国际贸易法以减少或消除国际贸易交往中的法律障碍，特别是影响发展中国家的那些障碍将在很大程度上有助于各国在平等、公开和互利的基础上进行普遍经济合作，消除国际贸易方面的歧视，从而为各国人民谋求福利;考虑到在国际运输中的货物既非由承运人接管，又非由货主接管，而是由国际贸易运输港站经营人接管时，因适用这类货物的法律制度的不确定性而造成的问题;意欲为这类货物在由运输港站经营人接管，而又不受适用于各种运输方式的公约的运输法律管辖时所发生的灭失、损坏或交货迟延而制定赔偿责任的统一规则，以期有利于货物的流动。兹协议如下：
 
Article 1 Definitions第1条 定 义
In this Convention:
 (a) "Operator of a transport terminal" (hereinafter referred to as　"operator") means a person who, in the course of his business, undertakes　to take in charge goods involved in international carriage in order to　perform or to procure the performance of transport-related services with　　respect to the goods in an area under his control or in respect of which　he has a right of access or use. However, a person is not considered an　operator whenever he is a carrier under applicable rules of law governing　carriage;
在本公约中，
(a)“运输港站经营人”(下称“经营人”)是指在其业务过程中，在其控制下的某一区域内或在其有权出入或使用的某一区域内，负责接管国际运输的货物，以便对这些货物从事或安排从事与运输有关的服务的人。但是，凡属根据适用于货运的法律规则身为承运人的人，不视为经营人;
 
　(b) Where goods are consolidated in a container, pallet or similar　article of transport or where they are packed, "goods" includes such　article of transport or packaging if it was not supplied by the operator;
(b)在货物组装于集装箱、托盘或类似的运输器具中时或经包装时，“货物”包括这类运输器具或包装，只要其不是由经营人所提供;
 
(c) "International carriage" means any carriage in which the place of　departure and the place of destination are identified as being located in　two different States when the goods are taken in charge by the operator;
(c)“国际运输”是指在经营人接管货物时确定其启运地和目的地位于两个不同国家的任何货物运输;
 
(d) "Transport-related services" includes such services as storage,　warehousing, loading, unloading, stowage, trimming, dunnaging and　lashing;
　(e) "Notice" means a notice given in a form which provides a record of　the information contained therein;
　(f) "Request" means a request made in a form which provides a record　of the information contained therein
(d)“与运输有关的服务”包括诸如堆存、仓储、装货、卸货、积载、平舱、隔垫和绑扎等服务;
e)“通知”是指发出的一项通知，其所用形式应提供其中所载资料的记录;
(f)“请求”是指作出的一项请求，其所用形式应提供其中所载资料的记录。
 
.Article 2 Scope of application第2条 适用范围
(1) This Convention applies to transport-related services performed in　relation to goods which are involved in international carriage:
(a) When the transport-related services are performed by an　operator whose place of business is located in a State Party, or
 (b) When the transport-related services are performed in a State　Party, or
(c) When, according to the rules of private international law, the　transport-related services are governed by the law of a State Party.
 (1)本公约在有下列情形之一时，适用于对国际运输的货物所从事的、与运输有关的服务：(a)从事与运输有关的服务的经营人的营业地位于一缔约国内，或者
(b)与运输有关的服务在一缔约国内进行，或者
(c)按照国际私法规则，与运输有关的服务受到一缔约国法律的制约。
 
(2) If the operator has more than one place of business, the place of　business is that which has the closest relationship to the　transport-related services as a whole.
(3) If the operator does not have a place of business, reference is to　be made to the operator's habitual residence.
(2)如果经营人有一个以上的营业地，则以与整个有关运输的服务关系最密切的营业地为其营业地。
(3)如果经营人没有营业地，则以其惯常居所为准。
 
Article 3 Period of responsibility　第3条 责任期限
The operator is responsible for the goods from the time he has taken　them in charge until the time he has handed them over to or has placed　them at the disposal of the person entitled to take delivery of them.
经营人从其接管货物之时起，至其向有权提货的人交付货物或将货物交由该人处理之时止，应对货物负责。
 
Article 4 Issuance of document第4条 出具单据
(1) The operator may, and at the customer's request shall, within a　reasonable period of time, at the option of the operator, either:
(a) Acknowledge his receipt of the goods by signing and dating a　document presented by the customer that identifies the goods, or
(b) Issue a signed document identifying the goods, acknowledging　his receipt of the goods and the date thereof, and stating their condition　and quantity in so far as they can be ascertained by reasonable means of　checking.
(2) If the operator does not act in accordance with either　subparagraph (a) or (b) of paragraph (1), he is presumed to have received　the goods in apparent good condition, unless he proves otherwise. No such　presumption applies when the services performed by the operator are　　limited to the immediate transfer of the goods between means of transport.
(3) A document referred to in paragraph(1) may be issued in any form　which preserves a record of the information contained therein. When the　customer and the operator have agreed to communicate electronically, a document referred to in paragraph (1) may be replaced by an equivalent　electronic data interchange message.
(4) The signature referred to in paragraph (1) means a handwritten　signature, its facsimile or an equivalent authentication effected by any　other means
 (1)经营人可以，或者必须应客户要求，在一段合理的时间依经营人的选择：(a)在客户提交的列明货物的单据上签署并注明日期，以确认收到货物，或者(b)出具一份经签署的列明货物的单据，确认收到货物和收到的日期，如能以合理的检查方法清点核实，还应说明货物的状况和数量。
(2)如经营人不按照第(1)款(a)项或(b)项行事，则可以推定他所收到的货物表面状况良好，除非他证明并非如此。当经营人所从事的服务仅限于货物在运输方式间的立即转移，则不适用这类推定。
(3)第(1)款所指的单据可以任何形式开具，但应能保存其中所载资料的记录。如客户与经营人已商定以电子技术进行联系，则第(1)款所指的单据可以用相应的电子数据交换电文来取代。
(4)第(1)款所述的签署指手书签署，其传真或以任何其他方式使之生效的等效证明。
 
.Article 5 Basis of liability第5条 赔偿责任依据
　(1) The operator is liable for loss resulting from loss of or damage　to the goods, as well as from delay in handing over the goods, if the　occurrence which caused the loss, damage or delay took place during the　period of the operator's responsibility for the goods as defined in　Article 3, unless he proves that he, his servants or agents or other　persons of whose services the operator makes use for the performance of　the transport-related services took all measures that could reasonably be　required to avoid the occurrence and its consequences.
　(2) Where a failure on the part of the operator, his servants or　agents or other persons of whose services the operator makes use for the　performance of the transport-related services to take the measures　referred to in paragraph (1) combines with another cause to produce loss,　damage or delay, the operator is liable only to the extent that the loss　resulting from such loss, damage or delay is attributable to that　failure, provided that the operator proves the amount of the loss not　attributable thereto.
(3) Delay in handing over the goods occurs when the operator fails to　hand them over to or place them at the disposal of a person entitled to　take delivery of them within the time expressly agreed upon or, in the　absence of such agreement, within a reasonable time after receiving a　request for the goods by such person.
(4) If the operator fails to hand over the goods to or place them at　the disposal of a person entitled to take delivery of them within a period　of 30 consecutive days after the date expressly agreed upon or, in the　absence of such agreement, within a period of 30 consecutive days after　　receiving a request for the goods by such person, a person entitled to make a claim for the loss of the goods may treat them as lost.
 (1)如果在第3条规定的经营人应对货物负责的期限内发生灭失、损坏或迟延的事情，则经营人应对由于货物灭失或损坏以及交货迟延所造成的损失负赔偿责任，除非他证明他本人、其受雇人或代理人或经营人为了履行与运输有关的服务而利用为其服务的其他人，已采取一切所能合理要求的措施来防止有关事情的发生及其后果。
(2)如果经营人、其受雇人或代理人或经营人为了履行与运输有关的服务而利用为其服务的其他人，未采取第(1)款所指的措施，而又由另一原因造成灭失、损坏或迟延，则经营人仅对因未采取措施而引起的那种灭失、损坏或迟延所造成的损失负赔偿责任。但经营人须证明不能归因于未采取措施而造成的损失的数额。
(3)交货迟延，发生在经营人未能在明确约定的时间内，或在无这种约定的情况下，未能在收到有权提货的人的交货要求后一段合理时间内，将货物交付给该人或交由该人处理的场合。
(4)如果经营人在明确约定的交货日期后连续30天的一段时间内，或在无这种约定的情况下，在收到有权提货的人的交货要求后连续30天的一段时间内，未能向有权提货的人交付货物或将货物交由其处理，则有权就货物灭失提出索赔的人即可将该货物视为灭失。
 
Article 6 Limits of liability第6条 赔偿责任限额
(1) (a) The liability of the operator for loss resulting from loss of　or damage to goods according to the provisions of Article 5 is limited to　an amount not exceeding 8.33 units of account per kilogram of gross weight　of the goods lost or damaged.
(b) However, if the goods are handed over to the operator　immediately after carriage by sea or by inland waterways, or if the goods　are handed over, or are to be handed over, by him for such carriage, the　liability of the operator for loss resulting from loss of or damage to　goods according to the provisions of Article 5 is limited to an amount not　exceeding 2.75 units of account per kilogram of gross weight of the goods　lost or damaged. For the purposes of this paragraph, carriage by sea or　by inland waterways includes pick-up and delivery within a port.
(c) When the loss of or damage to a part of the goods affects the　value of another part of the goods, the total weight of the lost or　damaged goods and of the goods whose value is affected shall be taken into　consideration in determining the limit of liability.
(2) The liability of the operator for delay in handing over the goods　according to the provisions of Article 5 is limited to an amount　equivalent to two and a half times the charges payable to the operator for　his services in respect of the goods delayed, but not exceeding the total　of such charges in respect of the consignment of which the goods were a　part.
(3) In no case shall the aggregate liability of the operator under　both paragraphs (1) and (2) exceed the limitation which would be　established under paragraph (1) for total loss of the goods in respect of　which such liability was incurred.
(4) The operator may agree to limits of liability exceeding those　provided for in paragraphs (1), (2) and (3)
 (1)(a)经营人按照第5条的规定对由于货物灭失或损坏而引起的损失所负赔偿责任以灭失或损坏货物的毛重每公斤不超过8.33计算单位的数额为限。
(b)但是，若货物系海运或内陆水运后立即交给经营人，或者货物系由经营人交付或待交付给此类运输，则经营人按照第5条的规定对由于货物灭失或损坏而造成的损失所负赔偿责任，以灭失或损坏货物的毛重每公斤不超过2.75计算单位为限。本款中的海运和内陆水运包括港口内的提货和交货。
(c)如部分货物的灭失或损坏影响到另一部分货物的价值，则在确定赔偿责任限额时，应计及遭受灭失或损坏的货物和其价值受到影响的货物加在一起的总重量。
(2)经营人按照第5条的规定对交货迟延应负的赔偿责任，以相当于经营人就所迟交货物提供的服务所收费用两倍半数额为限，但这一数额不得超过对包含该货物在内的整批货物所收费用的总和。
(3)在任何情况下，经营人按照第(1)和第(2)款所承担的赔偿总额不应超过根据第1款规定就引起货物全部灭失所确定的赔偿责任限额。
(4)经营人可同意超过第(1)、第(2)和第(3)款所规定的赔偿责任限额。
 
.Article 7 Application to non-contractual claims第7条 对非约定索赔的适用
(1) The defences and limits of liability provided for in this　Convention apply in any action against the operator in respect of loss of　or damage to the goods, as well as delay in handing over the goods,　whether the action is founded in contract, in tort or otherwise.
(2) If such an action is brought against a servant or agent of the　operator, or against another person of whose services the operator makes　use for the performance of the transport-related services, such servant,　agent or person, if he proves that he acted within the scope of his　employment or engagement by the operator, is entitled to avail himself of　the defences and limits of liability which the operator is entitled to　invoke under this Convention.
(3) Except as provided in Article 8, the aggregate of the amounts　recoverable from the operator and from any servant, agent or person　referred to in the preceding paragraph shall not exceed the limits of liability provided for in this Convention
 (1)本公约规定的抗辩和赔偿责任限额适用于因货物发生灭失或损坏以及因交货迟延而对经营人提起的任何诉讼，不论这种诉讼是基于合同、侵权或其他方面。
(2)当这种诉讼是针对经营人的受雇人或代理人，或经营人为履行与运输有关的服务而利用的其他人时，如该受雇人、代理人或其他人能证明他是在受经营人雇用或聘用的范围内行事，则有权引用经营人根据公约可以援引的抗辩和赔偿责任限额。
(3)除第8条规定者外，从经营人和从上款所指的任何受雇人、代理人或其他人取得的赔偿总额不得超过公约规定的赔偿责任限额。
 
.Article 8 Loss of right to limit liability第8条 赔偿责任限额权利的丧失
(1) The operator is not entitled to the benefit of the limitation of　liability provided for in Article 6 if it is proved that the loss, damage　or delay resulted from an act or omission of the operator himself or his　servants or agents done with the intent to cause such loss, damage or　delay, or recklessly and with knowledge that such loss, damage or delay　would probably result.
(2) Notwithstanding the provision of paragraph (2) of Article 7, a　servant or agent of the operator or another person of whose services the　operator makes use for the performance of the transport-related services　is not entitled to the benefit of the limitation of liability provided for　in Article 6 if it is proved that the loss, damage or delay resulted from　an act or omission of such servant, agent or person done with the intent　to cause such loss, damage or delay, or recklessly and with knowledge that　such loss, damage or delay would probably result.
 (1)如经证明，货物的灭失或损坏或迟延交付系因经营人本人或受雇人或代理人有意造成这种灭失、损坏或迟延的行为或不为所造成，或明知可能造成这一灭失、损坏或迟延而轻率地采取的行为或不为所造成，则经营人无权享受第6条规定的限制责任的权利。
(2)虽有第7条第(2)款的规定，如经证明，货物的灭失、损坏或迟延系因经营人的受雇人或代理人或经营人为进行与运输有关的服务而用其服务的其他人有意造成这一灭失、损坏或迟延的行为或不为所造成，或在明知可能造成这种灭失、损坏或迟延而轻率地采取行为或不行为所造成，则该受雇人、代理人或其他人无权享受第6条规定的限制赔偿责任的权利。
 
Article 9 Special rules on dangerous goods　第9条 关于危险货物的特别规则
If dangerous goods are handed over to the operator without being　marked, labelled, packaged or documented in accordance with any law or　regulation relating to dangerous goods applicable in the country where the　goods are handed over and if, at the time the goods are taken in charge by　　him, the operator does not otherwise know of their dangerous character, he　is entitled:
(a) To take all precautions the circumstances may require, including,　when the goods pose an imminent danger to any person or property,　destroying the goods, rendering them innocuous, or disposing of them by　any other lawful means, without payment of compensation for damage to or　destruction of the goods resulting from such precautions, and
(b) To receive reimbursement for all costs incurred by him in taking　the measures referred to in subparagraph (a) from the person who failed to　meet any obligation under such applicable law or regulation to inform him　of the dangerous character of the goods.
如果向经营人交付危险货物时，没有按照在交付货物所在国适用的任何有关危险货物的法律或规章刷标志、贴标签、包装或提供单证，且如果该货物由经营人接管时，经营人并未以其他方式得知其危险性，则经营人有权：(a)采取一切必要的预防措施，其中包括在货物对任何人或财产构成即刻危险时销毁货物，使其成为无害物、或用其他任何合法手段加以处理，而不需因这些预防措施所造成的货物损坏或销毁而支付赔偿，并且(b)向未根据这种适用的法律或规章履行义务将货物的危险性质告诉经营人的人，收取经营人因采取(a)项所述措施所发生的全部费用的补偿。
 
Article 10 Rights of security in goods第10条 对货物的担保权
(1) The operator has a right of retention over the goods for costs and　claims which are due in connection with the transport-related services　performed by him in respect of the goods both during the period of his　responsibility for them and thereafter. However, nothing in this　Convention affects the validity under the applicable law of any　contractual arrangements extending the operator's security in the goods.
(2) The operator is not entitled to retain the goods if a sufficient　guarantee for the sum claimed is provided or if an equivalent sum is　deposited with a mutually accepted third party or with an official　institution in the State where the operator has his place of business.
(3) In order to obtain the amount necessary to satisfy his claim, the　operator is entitled, to the extent permitted by the law of the State　where the goods are located, to sell all or part of the goods over which　he has exercised the right of retention provided for in this Article. This　right to sell does not apply to containers, pallets or similar articles of　transport or packaging which are owned by a party other than the carrier　or the shipper and which are clearly marked as regards ownership except in　respect of claims by the operator for the cost of repairs of or　improvements to the containers, pallets or similar articles of transport　or packaging.
(4) Before exercising any right to sell the goods, the operator shall　make reasonable efforts to give notice of the intended sale to the owner　of the goods, the person from whom the operator received them and the　person entitled to take delivery of them from the operator. The operator　shall account appropriately for the balance of the proceeds of the sale in　excess of the sums due to the operator plus the reasonable costs of the　sale. The right of sale shall in all other respects be exercised in　accordance with the law of the State where the goods are located.
 (1)经营人有权扣留货物，以便索取在他对货物负责期间及其后期间由他对货物进行的与运输有关的服务而应收取费用和索赔。但本公约的任何规定并不影响根据适用的法律关于扩大经营人对货物的担保权的任何合同安排的效力。
(2)如果对索偿数额已提供足够担保，或如已向双方同意的第三方或向经营人营业地所在国某一官方机构存入一笔相等数额的款项，则经营人无权扣留货物。
(3)为了取得满足其索偿所需的金额，经营人有权在货物所在国法律允许范围内出售他已行使本条所定扣押权的全部或部分货物。这一出售权不适用于为承运人或托运人以外的一方所有、并有明确标志显示其所有人的集装箱、托盘或类似的运输或包装物件，除非经营人为修理或改进集装箱、托盘或类似的运输或包装物件所支付的费用提出的索赔。
(4)在对货物行使任何出售权之前，经营人应作出合理努力将出售的意向通知货主、将货物交给经营人的人和有权向经营人提货的人。经营人应当适当地报告出售货物所获收益减去经营人应得金额和合理的出售费用后的结余情况。出售权的所有其他方面应按照货物所在国法律行使。
 
Article 11 Notice of loss, damage or delay第11条 灭失、损坏或迟延的通知
　(1) Unless notice of loss or damage, specifying the general nature of　　the loss or damage, is given to the operator not later than the third　working day after the day when the goods were handed over by the operator　to the person entitled to take delivery of them, the handing over is prima　facie evidence of the handing over by the operator of the goods as　described in the document issued by the operator pursuant to paragraph (1)　(b) of Article 4 or, if no such document was issued, in good condition.
(2) Where the loss or damage is not apparent, the provisions of　paragraph (1) apply correspondingly if notice is not given to the operator　within 15 consecutive days after the day when the goods reached the final　recipient, but in no case later than 60 consecutive days after the day　when the goods were handed over to the person entitled to take delivery of　them.
(3) If the operator participated in a survey or inspection of the　goods at the time when they were handed over to the person entitled to　take delivery of them, notice need not be given to the operator of loss or　damage ascertained during that survey or inspection.
(4) In the case of any actual or apprehended loss of or damage to the　goods, the operator, the carrier and the person entitled to take delivery　of the goods shall give all reasonable facilities to each other for　inspecting and tallying the goods.
(5) No compensation is payable for loss resulting from delay in　handing over the goods unless notice has been given to the operator within　21 consecutive days after the day when the goods were handed over to the　person entitled to take delivery of them.
 (1)除非在不迟于经营人向有权提货人交货之日以后的第三个工作日，即将货物的灭失或损坏通知经营人，具体说明这种灭失或损坏的一般性质，则这一交货就是经营人按其依据第4条(1)款(b)项出具的单据中所述情况交货的初步证据，如未出具这种单据，则是按完好状况交货的初步证据。
(2)在灭失或损坏并不明显的情况下，如未在货物到达最终接受人之日以后连续15天内向经营人发出通知，但并不迟于向有权提货人交货之日后连续60天发出通知，第1款的规定相应地适用。
(3)如果经营人向有权提货人交货时参与了对货物的检验或检查，则无需就检验或检查期间确定的灭失或损坏向经营人发出通知。
(4)在货物实际发生灭失或损坏或有发生灭失或损坏之虞的情况下，经营人、承运人和有权提货的人必须相互给予对货物进行检查和清点的一切合理便利。(5)除非在向有权提货的人交货之日后连续21天内向经营人发出通知，否则对迟延交货造成的损失不予补偿。
 
Article 12 Limitation of actions第12条 诉讼时效
(1) Any action under this Convention is time-barred if judicial or　arbitral proceedings have not been instituted within a period of two　years.
(2) The limitation period commences:
(a) On the day the operator hands over the goods or part thereof　to, or places them at the disposal of, a person entitled to take delivery　of them, or
(b) In cases of total loss of the goods, on the day the person　entitled to make a claim receives notice from the operator that the goods　are lost, or on the day that person may treat the goods as lost in　accordance with paragraph (4) of Article 5, whichever is earlier.
(3) The day on which the limitation period commences is not included　in the period.
(4) The operator may at any time during the running of the limitation　period extend the period by a notice to the claimant. The period may be　further extended by another notice or notices.
(5) A recourse action by a carrier or another person against the　operator may be instituted even after the expiration of the limitation　period provided for in the preceding paragraphs if it is instituted within　90 days after the carrier or other person has been held liable in an　action against himself or has settled the claim upon which such action was　based and if, within a reasonable period of time after the filing of a　claim against a carrier or other person that may result in a recourse　action against the operator, notice of the filing of such a claim has been　given to the operator.
 (1)如未在两年期间提起司法诉讼或仲裁，根据本公约的任何诉讼即失去时效。
(2)时效期限：(a)自经营人将全部或部分货物交给有权提货的人或将货物交由他支配之日开始，或(b)在货物全部灭失的情况下，自有权提出索赔要求的人收到经营人发出的关于货物灭失的通知之日开始，或自该索赔人可按第5条第(4)款规定将货物视为灭失之日开始，两者以先者为准。
(3)时效期限开始之日不计入该期限内。
(4)经营人可在时效期限内随时向索赔人发出通知，延长时效期限。该期限还可通过再次或多次通知予以继续延长。
(5)即使在以上各款规定的时效期限届满后，承运人或另一人仍可对经营人提出追索诉讼，但该诉讼必须在对承运人或另一人提起的诉讼中承运人或另一人被判定承担责任，或已解决据以提出诉讼的索赔后90天内提起，且须在对某一承运人或另一人提出的任何索赔可能导致对经营人提起追索诉讼时，在提出索赔后的一段合理时间内，已就提出索赔之事，向经营人发出了通知。
 
Article 13 Contractual stipulations第13条 合同规定
(1) Unless otherwise provided in this Convention, any stipulation in a　contract concluded by an operator or in any document signed or issued by　the operator pursuant to Article 4 is null and void to the extent that it　derogates, directly or indirectly, from the provisions of this Convention.　　The nullity of such a stipulation does not affect the validity of the　other provisions of the contract or document of which it forms a part.
(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the　operator may agree to increase his responsibilities and obligations under　this Convention.
 (1)除本公约另有规定外，经营人所签订的合同中或经营人依照第4条签署或出具的任何单据中的任何规定，只要直接或间接减损本公约的规定，均属无效。这种规定的无效并不影响包含这种规定在内的合同或单据中的其他条款的效力。
(2)虽有上款的规定，经营人仍可同意增加其根据本公约承担的责任和义务。
 
Article 14 Interpretation of the Convention　第14条 本公约的解释
In the interpretation of this Convention, regard is to be had to its　international character and to the need to promote uniformity in its　application.
　在解释本公约时，应考虑到公约的国际性质和促进其适用的统一的必要性。
 
Article 15 International transport conventions第15条 国际运输公约
This Convention does not modify any rights or duties which may arise　under an international convention relating to the international carriage　of goods which is binding on a State which is a party to this Convention　or under any law of such State giving effect to a convention relating to the international carriage of goods.
本公约并不改变根据对本公约缔约国有约束力的关于国际货物运输的国际公约，或根据该国有关国际货物运输的公约生效的任何法律产生的任何权利或义务。
 
Article 16 Unit of account第16条 记帐单位
(1) The unit of account referred to in Article 6 is the Special　Drawing Right as defined by the International Monetary Fund. The amounts　mentioned in Article 6 are to be expressed in the national currency of a　State according to the value of such currency at the date of judgement or　　the date agreed upon by the parties. The equivalence between the national　currency of a State Party which is a member of the International Monetary　Fund and the Special Drawing Right is to be calculated in accordance with　the method of valuation applied by the International Monetary Fund in　effect at the date in question for its operations and transactions. The　equivalence between the national currency of a State Party which is not a　member of the International Monetary Fund and the Special Drawing Right is　to be calculated in a manner determined by that State.
(1)第6条所指记帐单位系国际货币基金组织确定的特别提款权。第6条所述数额应按判决之日或当事各方商定之日的本国货币值，以本国货币表示。作为国际货币基金组织成员国的当事国，其本国货币与特别提款权的换算应按照国际货币基金组织于该日生效的对其业务活动和交易所适用的计算方法计算。并非国际货币基金组织成员国的当事国，其本国货币与特别提款权的换算应以该国确定的方式计算。
 
(2) The calculation mentioned in the last sentence of the preceding　paragraph is to be made in such a manner as to express in the national　currency of the State Party as far as possible the same real value for　amounts in Article 6 as is expressed there in units of account. States　Parties must communicate to the depositary the manner of calculation at　the time of signature or when depositing their instrument of ratification,　acceptance, approval or accession and whenever there is a change in the　manner of such calculation. FINAL CLAUSES
 (2)上款最后一句中所述计算方式应以该当事国本国货币表示最接近第6条以记帐单位表示的数额的实际价值。当事国必须在签署公约时或交存其批准、接受、核准或加入书时，以及每当其换算方式有变动时，将其换算方式通知保存人。最后条款
 
Article 17 Depositary　第17条 保存人
The Secretary-General of the United Nations is the depositary of this　Convention.
　联合国秘书长为本公约保存人。
 
Article 18 Signature, ratification, acceptance, approval, accession
第18条 签字、批准、接受、核准、加入
(1) This Convention is open for signature at the concluding meeting of　the United Nations Conference on the Liability of Operators of Transport　Terminals in International Trade and will remain open for signature by all　States at the Headquarters of the United Nations, New York, until 30 April　1992.
(2) This Convention is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval　by the signatory States.
(3) This Convention is open to accession by all States which are not　signatory States as from the date it is open for signature.
(4) Instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval and accession　are to be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
 (1)本公约在联合国国际贸易运输港站经营人赔偿责任会议的闭幕会议上开放供签字，并在纽约联合国总部继续开放供所有国家签字，直至1992年4月30日为止。
(2)本公约须经签字国批准、接受或核准。
(3)本公约从开放供签字之日起开放给所有非签字国加入。(4)批准书、接受书、核准书和加入书应交存联合国秘书长。
 
Article 19 Application to territorial units第19条 对领土单位的适用
(1) If a State has two or more territorial units in which different　　systems of law are applicable in relation to the matters dealt with in　this Convention, it may, at the time of signature, ratification,　acceptance, approval or accession, declare that this Convention is to　extend to all its territorial units or only to one or more of them, and　may at any time substitute another declaration for its earlier　declaration.
(2) These declarations are to state expressly the territorial units to　which the Convention extends.
(3) If, by virtue of a declaration under this Article, this Convention　extends to one or more but not all of the territorial units of a State　Party, this Convention shall be applicable only if
(a) The transport-related services are performed by an operator　whose place of business is located in a territorial unit to which the　Convention extends, or
(b) The transport-related services are performed in a territorial　unit to which the Convention extends, or
(c) According to the rules of private international law, the　transport-related services are governed by the law in force in a　territorial unit to which the Convention extends.
(4) If a State makes no declaration under paragraph (1) of this　Article, the Convention is to extend to all territorial units of that　State
 (1)如果一国拥有两个或两个以上的领土单位，而各领土单位对公约所规定的事项适用不同的法律制度，则该国可在签字、批准、接受、核准或加入时声明本公约适用于该国全部领土单位或仅适用于其中的一个或数个领土单位，并且可以随时提出另一声明来取代其以前所做的声明。
(2)此种声明应明确地说明适用本公约的领土单位。
(3)如果根据按本条作出的一项声明，本公约适用于一缔约国的一个或数个，但不是全部领土单位，则本公约仅在下述情况下适用：(a)与运输有关的服务系由其营业地位于本公约适用的领土单位内的某一经营人来进行，或者(b)与运输有关的服务系在本公约适用的某一领土单位内进行，或者(c)按照国际私法的规定，与运输有关的服务须受本公约适用的领土单位的现行法律的约束。
(4)如果一国家并没有按照本条第(1)款做出声明，则本公约适用于该国所有领土单位。
 
.Article 20 Effect of declaration第20条 声明的生效
(1) Declarations made under Article 19 at the time of signature are　subject to confirmation upon ratification, acceptance or approval.
(2) Declarations and confirmations of declarations are to be in　writing and to be formally notified to the depositary.
(3) A declaration takes effect simultaneously with the entry into　force of this Convention in respect of the State concerned. However, a　declaration of which the depositary receives formal notification after　such entry into force takes effect on the first day of the month following　the expiration of six months after the date of its receipt by the　depositary.
(4) Any State which makes a declaration under Article 19 may withdraw　it at any time by a formal notification in writing addressed to the　depositary. Such withdrawal takes effect on the first day of the month　following the expiration of six months after the date of the receipt of　the notification by the depositary.
 (1)按第19条规定在签字时作出的声明，须在批准、接受或核准时加以确认。
(2)声明和声明的确认，须以书面提出，并正式通知保存人。
(3)声明在本公约对有关国家开始生效时同时生效。但是，保存人在公约对有关国家生效后收到正式通知的声明，则于保存人收到声明之日起满六个月后的第一个月第一日起生效。
(4)按第19条规定作出声明的任何国家可以随时用书面正式通知保存人撤回该项声明。此种撤回于保存人收到通知之日起满六个月后的第一个月第一日起生效。
 
 
Article 21 Reservations　第21条 保 留
No reservations may be made to this Convention.
　对本公约不得作任何保留。
 
Article 22 Entry into force第22条 生 效
(1) This Convention enters into force on the first day of the month　following the expiration of one year from the date of deposit of the fifth　instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
(2) For each State which becomes a Contracting State to this　Convention after the date of the deposit of the fifth instrument of　ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, this Convention enters　into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of one　year after the date of the deposit of the appropriate instrument on behalf　of that State.
(3) Each State Party shall apply the provisions of this Convention to　transport-related services with respect to goods taken in charge by the　operator on or after the date of the entry into force of this Convention　in respect of that State.
 (1)本公约在第五件批准书、接受书、核准书或加入书交存之日起满一年后的第一个月第一日起生效。
(2)对于在第五件批准书、接受书、核准书或加入书交存之日后始成为本公约国的缔约国，本公约在以该国名义交存适当文书之日起满一年后的第一个月第一日生效。
(3)各缔约国应将本公约的规定适用于经营人在本公约对该国生效之日或生效后所接管的货物可提供的与运输有关的服务。
 
Article 23 Revision and amendment第23条 修订和修正
(1) At the request of not less than one third of the States Parties to　this Convention, the depositary shall convene a conference of the　Contracting States for revising or amending it.
(2) Any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession　deposited after the entry into force of an amendment to this Convention is　deemed to apply to the Convention as amended.
 (1)经本公约至少三分之一参加国的要求，保存人应召开缔约国会议，以修订或修正公约。
(2)在本公约的一项修正案生效后交存的任何批准书、接受书、核准书或加入书，视为适用于修正的公约。
 
Article 24 Revision of limitation amounts第24条 限额的修订
(1) At the request of at least one quarter of the States Parties, the　depositary shall convene a meeting of a Committee composed of a　representative from each Contracting State to consider increasing or　decreasing the amounts in Article 6.
(2) If this Convention enters into force more than five years after it　was opened for signature, the depositary shall convene a meeting of the　Committee within the first year after it enters into force.
(3) The meeting of the Committee shall take place on the occasion and　at the location of the next session of the United Nations Commission on　International Trade Law.
 
　　(4) In determining whether the limits should be amended, and if so, by　what amount, the following criteria, determined on an international basis,　and any other criteria considered to be relevant, shall be taken into　consideration:
(a) The amount by which the limits of liability in any　transport-related convention have been amended;
(b) The value of goods handled by operators;
(c) The cost of transport-related services;
(d) Insurance rates, including for cargo insurance, liability　insurance for operators and insurance covering job-related injuries to　workmen;
(e) The average level of damages awarded against operators for　loss of or damage to goods or delay in handing over goods; and
(f) The costs of electricity, fuel and other utilities.
 
(5) Amendments shall be adopted by the Committee by a two-thirds　majority of its members present and voting.
(6) No amendment of the limits of liability under this Article may be　considered less than five years from the date on which this Convention was　opened for signature.
(7) Any amendment adopted in accordance with paragraph (5) shall be　notified by the depositary to all Contracting States. The amendment is　deemed to have been accepted at the end of a period of 18 months after it　has been notified, unless within that period not less than one third of　the States that were States Parties at the time of the adoption of the　amendment by the Committee have communicated to the depositary that they　do not accept the amendment. An amendment deemed to have been accepted in　accordance with this paragraph enters into force for all States Parties 18　months after its acceptance.
(8) A State Party which has not accepted an amendment is nevertheless　bound by it, unless such State denounces the present Convention at least　one month before the amendment enters into force. Such denunciation takes　effect when the amendment enters into force.
(9) When an amendment has been adopted in accordance with paragraph (5) but the 18month period for its acceptance has not yet expired, a State　which becomes a State Party to this Convention during that period is bound　by the amendment if it enters into force. A State which becomes a State　Party after that period is bound by any amendment which has been accepted　　in accordance with paragraph (7).
(10) The applicable limit of liability is that which, in accordance with the preceding paragraphs, is in effect on the date of the occurrence which caused the loss, damage or delay
 (1)在有至少四分之一的缔约国提出要求时，保存人应召开由每一缔约国各派一名代表组成的委员会的会议，审议减少或增加第6条所述的限额。
(2)如果本公约在其开放供签字后五年以上才生效，保存人应在其生效后一年内召开委员会会议。
(3)该委员会会议应在联合国国际贸易法委员会下一届会议的时间和地点举行。
(4)在决定应否修改限额，以及在决定予以修改而确定增减数额时，应考虑到国际上确定的下列标准以及认为有关的其他标准：
(a)任何与运输有关的公约中经修订的限额的数额;
(b)经营人处理的货物的价值;
(c)与运输有关的服务费用;
(d)保险费率，其中包括货物保险、经营人的责任保险以及工人工伤保险;
(e)就货物灭失或损坏或交货迟延问题、判罚经营人赔偿的平均数额;以及
(f)电力、燃料及其他公用事业的费用。
(5)修正案应由委员会以出席并参加表决成员三分之二的多数通过。
(6)自本公约开放供签字之日起，在不到五年的期间内，不考虑根据本条提出的有关赔偿责任限额的任何修正案。
(7)按照第(5)款通过的任何修正案，应由保存人通知所有缔约国。在通知修正案后的18个月期限结束时;修正案即视为已获接受，除非在此期限内，在委员会通过该修正案时已成为缔约国的国家中至少有三分之一的国家通知保存人表示不接受该修正案。按照本款视为已获接受的修正案于其被接受后满18个月时对所有的缔约国生效。
(8)不接受该修正案的缔约国亦得受其约束，除非该国至少在修正案生效前一个月宣布退出本公约。这种退约在修正案生效时生效。
(9)在一项修正已按照第(5)款通过但其18个月的接受期尚未届满的时间内成为本公约缔约国的国家，均在修正案生效时受该修正案的约束。在此期间限后成为本公约缔约国的国家受到按照第(7)款已获接受的任何修正案的约束。
(10)适用的赔偿责任限额，应为按照以上各款于导致灭失、损坏或迟延的事故发生之日有效的限额。
 
.Article 25 Denunciation第25条 退 出
(1) A State Party may denounce this Convention at any time by means of　a notification in writing addressed to the depositary.
(2) Subject to paragraph (8) of Article 24, the denunciation takes　effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of one year　after the notification is received by the depositary. Where a longer　period is specified in the notification, the denunciation takes effect　upon the expiration of such longer period after the notification is　received by the depositary.　DONE AT VIENNA, this nineteenth day of April one thousand nine hundred　and ninety-one, in a single original, of which the Arabic, Chinese,　English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned plenipotentiaries, being duly　authorized by their respective Governments, have signed the present　Convention.
 (1)缔约国可随时以书面通知保存人退出本公约。
(2)根据第24条第(8)款，退出将于保存人收到通知之日起满一年后的第一个月第一日起生效。如通知内规定一段更长时间，则退出将于保存人收到通知后在该段更长期间届满时起生效。
1991年4月19日订于维也纳，正本一份，其阿拉伯文本、中文本、英文本、法文本、俄文本和西班牙文本具有同等效力。下列全权代表，经各自政府正式授权，特签署本公约，以昭信守。