联合国国际合同使用电子通信公约（中英文）

United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic
Communications in International Contracts
       联合国国际合同使用电子通信公约
 
《联合国国际合同使用电子通信公约》 (United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts) 于2005年11月23日经联合国贸易法委员会第三十八届会议通过。该公约共四章25条，第一章适用范围(适用范围，不适用情形，当事人意思自治)，第二章总则（定义，解释，当事人的所在地，对提供情况的要求），第三章国际合同使用电子通信（对电子通信的法律承认，形式要求，发出和收到电子通信的时间和地点，要约邀请，自动电文系统在合同订立中的使用，合同条款的备查，电子通信中的错误），第四章最后条款（保存人，签署、批准、接受或认可，区域经济一体化组织的参与，对本国领土单位的效力，关于适用范围的声明，根据其他国际公约进行的通信往来，声明的程序和效力，保留，生效，适用时间，退约）。公约的宗旨是在对国际合同使用电子通信的情形中增强法律确定性和商业可预见性。该公约处理的国际合同使用电子通信问题包括如何确定一方当事人在电子环境中的所在地；电子通信的收发时间和地点；使用自动信息系统订立合同；以及确立电子通信和纸面文件（包括“原始”纸面文件）以及电子认证方法和手写签名功能上等同所使用的标准。
 
 
The States Parties to this Convention, Reaffirming their belief that international trade on the basis of equality and mutual benefit is an important element in promoting friendly relations among States, Noting that the increased use of electronic communications improves the efficiency of commercial activities, enhances trade connections and allows new access opportunities for previously remote parties and markets, thus playing a fundamental role in promoting trade and economic development, both domestically and internationally, Considering that problems created by uncertainty as to the legal value of the use of electronic communications in international contracts constitute an obstacle to international trade, Convinced that the adoption of uniform rules to remove obstacles to the use of electronic communications in international contracts, including obstacles that might result from the operation of existing international trade law instruments, would enhance legal certainty and commercial predictability for international contracts and help States gain access to modern trade routes, Being of the opinion that uniform rules should respect the freedom of parties to choose appropriate media and technologies, taking account of the  principles of technological neutrality and functional equivalence, to the extent that the means chosen by the parties comply with the purpose of the relevant rules of law, Desiring to provide a common solution to remove legal obstacles to the use of electronic communications in a manner acceptable to States with different legal, social and economic systems, Have agreed as follows:
 
CHAPTER I. SPHERE OF APPLICATION 第一章 　适用范围
Article 1. Scope of application　　第一条 　适用范围
1. This Convention applies to the use of electronic communications in connection with the formation or performance of a contract between parties whose places of business are in different States.
一、本公约适用于与营业地位于不同国家的当事人之间订立或履行合同有关的电子通信的使用。
 
2. The fact that the parties have their places of business in different States is to be disregarded whenever this fact does not appear either from the contract or from any dealings between the parties or from information disclosed by the parties at any time before or at the conclusion of the contract.
二、当事人营业地位于不同国家，但这一事实只要未从合同或当事人之间的任何交往中或当事人在订立合同之前任何时候或订立合同之时披露的资料中显示出来，即不予以考虑。
 
3. Neither the nationality of the parties nor the civil or commercial character of the parties or of the contract is to be taken into consideration in determining the application of this Convention.
三、在确定本公约是否适用时，既不考虑当事人的国籍，也不考虑当事人和合同的民事或商务性质。
 
Article 2. Exclusions　　第二条 　不适用情形
1. This Convention does not apply to electronic communications relating to any of the following:
一、本公约不适用于与下列情形有关的电子通信：
 
(a) Contracts concluded for personal, family or household purposes;
　㈠为个人、家人或家庭目的订立的合同；
 
(b) (i) Transactions on a regulated exchange; (ii) foreign exchange transactions; (iii) inter-bank payment systems, inter-bank payment agreements or clearance and settlement systems relating to securities or other financial assets or instruments; (iv) the transfer of security rights in sale, loan or holding of or agreement to repurchase securities or other financial assets or instruments held with an intermediary.
　㈡1.受管制交易所的交易； 2.外汇交易； 3.银行间支付系统、银行间支付协议或者与证券或其他金融资产或票据有关的清算和结算系统； 4.对中间人持有的证券或其他金融资产或票据的担保权的转让、出售、出借或持有或回购协议。
 
2. This Convention does not apply to bills of exchange, promissory notes, consignment notes, bills of lading, warehouse receipts or any transferable document or instrument that entitles the bearer or beneficiary to claim the delivery of goods or the payment of a sum of money.
　二、本公约不适用于汇票、本票、运单、提单、仓单或任何可使持单人或受益人有权要求交付货物或支付一笔款额的可转让单证或票据。
 
Article 3. Party autonomy　　第三条 　当事人意思自治
The parties may exclude the application of this Convention or derogate from or vary the effect of any of its provisions.
　当事人可以排除本公约的适用，亦可减损或更改其中任何一项规定的效力。
 
CHAPTER II. GENERAL PROVISIONS第二章 　总则
Article 4. Definitions　第四条 定义
For the purposes of this Convention: 在本公约中：
(a) “Communication” means any statement, declaration, demand, notice or request, including an offer and the acceptance of an offer, that the parties are required to make or choose to make in connection with the formation or performance of a contract;
㈠“通信”系指当事人在一项合同的订立或履行中被要求作出或选择作出的包括要约和对要约的承诺在内的任何陈述、声明、要求、通知或请求；
 
(b) “Electronic communication” means any communication that the parties make by means of data messages;
　㈡“电子通信”系指当事人以数据电文方式发出的任何通信；
 
(c) “Data message” means information generated, sent, received or stored by electronic, magnetic, optical or similar means, including, but not limited to, electronic data interchange, electronic mail, telegram, telex or telecopy;
　㈢“数据电文”系指经由电子手段、电磁手段、光学手段或类似手段生成、发送、接收或存储的信息，这些手段包括但不限于电子数据交换、电子邮件、电报、电传或传真；
 
(d) “Originator” of an electronic communication means a party by whom, or on whose behalf, the electronic communication has been sent or generated prior to storage, if any, but it does not include a party acting as an intermediary with respect to that electronic communication;
㈣ 电子通信的“发件人”系指亲自或由他人代表而发送或生成了可能随后备存的电子通信的当事人，但不包括作为中间人处理该电子通信的当事人；
 
(e) “Addressee” of an electronic communication means a party who is intended by the originator to receive the electronic communication, but does not include a party acting as an intermediary with respect to that electronic communication;
　㈤ 电子通信的“收件人”系指发件人意图中的接收该电子通信的当事人，但不包括作为中间人处理该电子通信的当事人；
 
(f) “Information system” means a system for generating, sending, receiving, storing or otherwise processing data messages;
　㈥“信息系统”系指生成、发送、接收、存储或用其他方法处理数据电文的系统；
 
(g) “Automated message system” means a computer program or an electronic or other automated means used to initiate an action or respond to data messages or performances in whole or in part, without review or intervention by a natural person each time an action is initiated or a response is generated by the system;
㈦ “自动电文系统”系指一种计算机程序或者一种电子手段或其他自动手段，用以引发一个行动或者全部或部分地对数据电文或执行生成答复，而无须每次在该系统引发行动或生成答复时由自然人进行复查或干预；
 
(h) “Place of business” means any place where a party maintains a non-transitory establishment to pursue an economic activity other than the temporary provision of goods or services out of a specific location.
　㈧ “营业地”系指当事人为了从事一项经济活动，但并非从某一处所临时提供货物或服务而保持一非短暂性营业所的任何地点。
 
 Article 5. Interpretation　　第五条 　解释
1. In the interpretation of this Convention, regard is to be had to its international character and to the need to promote uniformity in its application and the observance of good faith in international trade.
一、在解释本公约时，应当考虑到其国际性以及促进其适用上的统一和在国际贸易中遵守诚信的必要性。
 
2. Questions concerning matters governed by this Convention which are not expressly settled in it are to be settled in conformity with the general principles on which it is based or, in the absence of such principles, in conformity with the law applicable by virtue of the rules of private international law.
　二、涉及本公约所管辖事项的问题，未在本公约中明确解决的，应当按照本公约所依据的一般原则加以解决，在无此种原则时，应当按照国际私法规则指定的适用法律加以解决。
 
Article 6. Location of the parties　　第六条 　当事人的所在地
1. For the purposes of this Convention, a party’s place of business is presumed to be the location indicated by that party, unless another party demonstrates that the party making the indication does not have a place of business at that location.
　一、就本公约而言，当事人的营业地推定为其所指明的所在地，除非另一方当事人证明该指明其所在地的当事人在该所在地无营业地。
 
2. If a party has not indicated a place of business and has more than  one place of business, then the place of business for the purposes of this Convention is that which has the closest relationship to the relevant contract, having regard to the circumstances known to or contemplated by the parties at any time before or at the conclusion of the contract.
二、当事人未指明营业地并且拥有不止一个营业地的，就本公约而言，与有关合同关系最密切的营业地为其营业地，但须考虑到双方当事人在合同订立之前任何时候或合同订立之时所知道或所设想的情况。
 
3. If a natural person does not have a place of business, reference is to be made to the person’s habitual residence.
三、自然人无营业地的，以其惯常居所为准。
 
4. A location is not a place of business merely because that is: (a) where equipment and technology supporting an information system used by a party in connection with the formation of a contract are located; or (b) where the information system may be accessed by other parties.
四、一所在地并不仅因以下两点之一而成为营业地：㈠系一方当事人订立合同所用信息系统的支持设备和技术的所在地；㈡系其他当事人可以进入该信息系统的地方。
 
5. The sole fact that a party makes use of a domain name or electronic mail address connected to a specific country does not create a presumption that its place of business is located in that country.
　五、仅凭一方当事人使用与某一特定国家相关联的域名或电子信箱地址，不能推定其营业地位于该国。
 
Article 7. Information requirements　　第七条 对提供情况的要求
Nothing in this Convention affects the application of any rule of law that may require the parties to disclose their identities, places of business or other information, or relieves a party from the legal consequences of making inaccurate, incomplete or false statements in that regard.
本公约中的规定概不影响适用任何可能要求当事人披露其身份、营业地或其他情况的法律规则，也不免除当事人就此作出不准确、不完整或虚假说明的法律后果。
 
CHAPTER III. USE OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS IN INTERNATIONAL CONTRACTS
第三章 　国际合同使用电子通信
 
Article 8. Legal recognition of electronic communications第八条 对电子通信的法律承认
 
1. A communication or a contract shall not be denied validity or enforceability on the sole ground that it is in the form of an electronic communication.
　一、对于一项通信或一项合同，不得仅以其为电子通信形式为由而否定其效力或可执行性。
 
2. Nothing in this Convention requires a party to use or accept electronic communications, but a party’s agreement to do so may be inferred from the party’s conduct.
二、本公约中的规定概不要求当事人使用或接受电子通信，但可以根据当事人的作为推断其是否同意使用或接受电子通信。
 
Article 9. Form requirements　　第九条 　形式要求
1. Nothing in this Convention requires a communication or a contract to be made or evidenced in any particular form.
　一、本公约中的规定概不要求一项通信或一项合同以任何特定形式作出、订立或证明。
 
2. Where the law requires that a communication or a contract should be in writing, or provides consequences for the absence of a writing, that requirement is met by an electronic communication if the information contained therein is accessible so as to be usable for subsequent reference.
二、凡法律要求一项通信或一项合同应当采用书面形式的，或规定了不采用书面形式的后果的，如果一项电子通信所含信息可以调取以备日后查用，即满足了该项要求。
 
3. Where the law requires that a communication or a contract should be signed by a party, or provides consequences for the absence of a signature, that requirement is met in relation to an electronic communication if:
三、凡法律要求一项通信或一项合同应当由当事人签字的，或法律规定了没有签字的后果的，对于一项电子通信而言，在下列情况下，即满足了该项要求：
 
(a) A method is used to identify the party and to indicate that party’s intention in respect of the information contained in the electronic communication; and
㈠使用了一种方法来鉴别该当事人的身份和表明该当事人对电子通信所含信息的意图；而且
 
(b) The method used is either: (i) As reliable as appropriate for the purpose for which the electronic communication was generated or communicated, in the light of all the circumstances, including any relevant agreement; or (ii) Proven in fact to have fulfilled the functions described in subparagraph (a) above, by itself or together with further evidence.
　㈡所使用的这种方法：1.从各种情况来看，包括根据任何相关的约定，对于生成或传递电子通信所要达到的目的既是适当的，也是可靠的；或者2.其本身或结合进一步证据事实上被证明已履行以上第㈠项中所说明的功能。
 
4. Where the law requires that a communication or a contract should be made available or retained in its original form, or provides consequences for the absence of an original, that requirement is met in relation to an electronic communication if:
　四、凡法律要求一项通信或一项合同应当以原件形式提供或保留的，或规定了缺少原件的后果的，对于一项电子通信而言，在下列情况下，即满足了该项要求：
 
 (a) There exists a reliable assurance as to the integrity of the information it contains from the time when it was first generated in its final form, as an electronic communication or otherwise; and
　㈠该电子通信所含信息的完整性自其初次以最终形式——电子通信或其他形式——生成之时起即有可靠保障；而且
 
(b) Where it is required that the information it contains be made available, that information is capable of being displayed to the person to whom it is to be made available.
　㈡要求提供电子通信所含信息的，该信息能够被显示给要求提供该信息的人。
 
5. For the purposes of paragraph 4 (a): 　　五、在第四款第㈠项中：
 
(a) The criteria for assessing integrity shall be whether the information has remained complete and unaltered, apart from the addition of any endorsement and any change that arises in the normal course of communication, storage and display; and
㈠评价完整性的标准应当是，除附加任何签注以及正常通信、存储和显示过程中出现的任何改动之外，信息是否仍然完整而且未被更改；而且
 
(b) The standard of reliability required shall be assessed in the light of the purpose for which the information was generated and in the light of all the relevant circumstances.
㈡所要求的可靠性标准应当根据生成信息的目的和所有相关情况加以评估。
 
Article 10. Time and place of dispatch and receipt of electronic communications
　第十条 发出和收到电子通信的时间和地点
 
1. The time of dispatch of an electronic communication is the time when it leaves an information system under the control of the originator or of the party who sent it on behalf of the originator or, if the electronic communication has not left an information system under the control of the originator or of the party who sent it on behalf of the originator, the time when the electronic communication is received.
一、电子通信的发出时间是其离开发件人或代表发件人发送电子通信的当事人控制范围之内的信息系统的时间，或者，如果电子通信尚未离开发件人或代表发件人发送电子通信的当事人控制范围之内的信息系统，则为电子通信被收到的时间。
 
2. The time of receipt of an electronic communication is the time when it becomes capable of being retrieved by the addressee at an electronic address designated by the addressee. The time of receipt of an electronic communication at another electronic address of the addressee is the time when it becomes capable of being retrieved by the addressee at that address and the addressee becomes aware that the electronic communication has been sent to that address. An electronic communication is presumed to be capable of being retrieved by the addressee when it reaches the addressee’s electronic address.
二、电子通信的收到时间是其能够由收件人在该收件人指定的电子地址检索的时间。电子通信在收件人的另一电子地址的收到时间是其能够由该收件人在该地址检索并且该收件人了解到该电子通信已发送到该地址的时间。当电子通信抵达收件人的电子地址时，即应推定收件人能够检索该电子通信。
 
3. An electronic communication is deemed to be dispatched at the place where the originator has its place of business and is deemed to be received at the place where the addressee has its place of business, as determined in accordance with article 6.
三、电子通信将发件人设有营业地的地点视为其发出地点，将收件人设有营业地的地点视为其收到地点，营业地根据第六条确定。
 
4. Paragraph 2 of this article applies notwithstanding that the place where the information system supporting an electronic address is located may be different from the place where the electronic communication is deemed to be received under paragraph 3 of this article.
四、即使支持电子地址的信息系统的所在地可能不同于根据本条第三款而认定的电子通信的收到地点，本条第二款依然适用。
 
Article 11. Invitations to make offers　　第十一条 　要约邀请
A proposal to conclude a contract made through one or more electronic communications which is not addressed to one or more specific parties, but is generally accessible to parties making use of information systems, including proposals that make use of interactive applications for the placement of orders through such information systems, is to be considered as an invitationto make offers, unless it clearly indicates the intention of the party making the proposal to be bound in case of acceptance.
通过一项或多项电子通信提出的订立合同提议，凡不是向一个或多个特定当事人提出，而是可供使用信息系统的当事人一般查询的，包括使用交互式应用程序通过这类信息系统发出订单的提议，应当视作要约邀请，但明确指明提议的当事人打算在提议获承诺时受其约束的除外。
 
Article 12. Use of automated message systems for contract formation
第十二条 订立合同时使用的自动电文系统
 
A contract formed by the interaction of an automated message system and a natural person, or by the interaction of automated message systems, shall not be denied validity or enforceability on the sole ground that non atural person reviewed or intervened in each of the individual actions carried out by the automated message systems or the resulting contract. 
自动电文系统在合同订立中的使用通过自动电文系统与自然人之间的交互动作或者通过若干自动电文系统之间的交互动作订立的合同，不得仅仅因为无自然人复查或干预这些系统进行的每一动作或由此产生的合同而被否定效力或可执行性。
 
Article 13. Availability of contract terms　　第十三条 　合同条款的备查
Nothing in this Convention affects the application of any rule of law that may require a party that negotiates some or all of the terms of a contract through the exchange of electronic communications to make available to the other party those electronic communications which contain the contractual terms in a particular manner, or relieves a party from the legal consequences of its failure to do so.
一方当事人通过交换电子通信的方式谈判部分或全部合同条款的，本公约中的规定概不影响适用任何可能要求其以某种特定方式向另一方当事人提供含有合同条款的电子通信的法律规则，也不免除一方当事人未能这样做的法律后果。
 
Article 14. Error in electronic communications　　第十四条 　电子通信中的错误
1. Where a natural person makes an input error in an electronic communication exchanged with the automated message system of another party and the automated message system does not provide the person with an  opportunity to correct the error, that person, or the party on whose behalf that person was acting, has the right to withdraw the portion of the electronic communication in which the input error was made if:
　一、一自然人在与另一方当事人的自动电文系统往来的电子通信中发生输入错误，而该自动电文系统未给该人提供更正错误的机会，在下列情况下，该人或其所代表的当事人有权撤回电子通信中发生输入错误的部分：
 
(a) The person, or the party on whose behalf that person was acting, notifies the other party of the error as soon as possible after having learned of the error and indicates that he or she made an error in the electronic communication;  and
㈠该自然人或其所代表的当事人在发现错误后尽可能立即将该错误通知另一方当事人，并指出其在电子通信中发生了错误；而且
 
(b) The person, or the party on whose behalf that person was acting, has not used or received any material benefit or value from the goods or services, if any, received from the other party.
㈡该自然人或其所代表的当事人既没有使用可能从另一方当事人收到的任何货物或服务所产生的任何重大利益或价值，也没有从中受益。
 
2. Nothing in this article affects the application of any rule of law that may govern the consequences of any error other than as provided for in paragraph 1.
　二、本条中的规定概不影响适用任何可能就除了第一款中所提到的错误之外的任何错误的后果作出规定的法律规则。
 
CHAPTER IV. FINAL PROVISIONS第四章 　最后条款
Article 15. Depositary第十五条 　保存人
The Secretary-General of the United Nations is hereby designated as the depositary for this Convention.
兹指定联合国秘书长为本公约保存人。
 
Article 16. Signature, ratification, acceptance or approval第十六条 　签署、批准、接受或认可
 
1. This Convention is open for signature by all States at United Nations Headquarters in New York from 16 January 2006 to 16 January 2008.
　一、本公约自2006年1月16日至2008年1月16日在纽约联合国总部开放供各国签署。
 
2. This Convention is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by the signatory States.
二、本公约须经签署国批准、接受或认可。
 
3. This Convention is open for accession by all States that are not signatory States as from the date it is open for signature.
三、自开放供签署之日，本公约对所有未签署国开放供加入。
 
4. Instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval and accession are to be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
四、批准书、接受书、认可书和加入书应送交联合国秘书长保存。
 
Article 17. Participation by regional economic integration organizations
　　第十七条 　区域经济一体化组织的参与
 
1. A regional economic integration organization that is constituted by sovereign States and has competence over certain matters governed by this Convention may similarly sign, ratify, accept, approve or accede to this Convention. The regional economic integration organization shall in that case have the rights and obligations of a Contracting State, to the extent that that organization has competence over matters governed by this Convention. Where the number of Contracting States is relevant in this Convention, the regional economic integration organization shall not count as a Contracting State in addition to its member States that are Contracting States.
一、由主权国家组成并对本公约管辖的某些事项拥有管辖权的区域经济一体化组织同样可以签署、批准、接受、认可或加入本公约。在此情况下，区域经济一体化组织享有的权利和负有的义务应与缔约国相同，但仅限于本组织对本公约管辖的事项具有管辖权的范围。当本公约须考虑缔约国的数目时，除一区域经济一体化组织中已成为本公约缔约国的成员国之外，该组织不应算作一个缔约国。
 
2. The regional economic integration organization shall, at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, make a declaration to the depositary specifying the matters governed by this Convention in respect of which competence has been transferred to that organization by its member States. The regional economic integration organization shall promptly notify the depositary of any changes to the distribution of competence, including new transfers of competence, specified in the declaration under this paragraph.
二、区域经济一体化组织在签署、批准、接受、认可或加入时应向保存人提出一项声明，指明对本公约所管辖的哪些事项的管辖权已由其成员国转移给本组织。根据本款提出的声明中所指明的管辖权分配如发生任何变化，包括管辖权的新的转移，区域经济一体化组织应迅速通知保存人。
 
3. Any reference to a “Contracting State” or “Contracting States” in this Convention applies equally to a regional economic integration organization where the context so requires.
三、在情况需要时，本公约中对“一缔约国”或“各缔约国”的任何提及均同等适用于区域经济一体化组织。
 
4. This Convention shall not prevail over any conflicting rules of any regional economic integration organization as applicable to parties whose respective places of business are located in States members of any such organization, as set out by declaration made in accordance with article 21.
四、对于任何区域经济一体化组织的规则，凡适用于其各自营业地位于根据第二十一条作出的声明所列出的任何此种组织的成员国的当事人的，在与本公约发生冲突时，本公约不得优先。
 
Article 18. Effect in domestic territorial units　　第十八条 对本国领土单位的效力
1. If a Contracting State has two or more territorial units in which different systems of law are applicable in relation to the matters dealt with in this Convention, it may, at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, declare that this Convention is to extend to all its territorial units or only to one or more of them, and may amend its declaration by submitting another declaration at any time.
一、一缔约国拥有两个或多个领土单位，各领土单位对本公约所涉事项适用不同法律制度的，该国得在签署、批准、接受、认可或加入时声明本公约适用于本国的全部领土单位或仅适用于其中的一个或数个领土单位，并且可以随时提出另一声明来修改其所做的声明。
 
2. These declarations are to be notified to the depositary and are to state expressly the territorial units to which the Convention extends.
二、此种声明应通知保存人，并且明确指明适用本公约的领土单位。
 
3. If, by virtue of a declaration under this article, this Convention extends to one or more but not all of the territorial units of a Contracting State, and if the place of business of a party is located in that State, this place of business, for the purposes of this Convention, is considered not to be in a Contracting State, unless it is in a territorial unit to which the Convention extends.
三、由于按本条规定作出一项声明，本公约适用于缔约国的一个或数个领土单位但不是全部领土单位，而且一方当事人的营业地位于该国之内的，为本公约之目的，除非该营业地位于本公约适用的领土单位内，否则该营业地视为不在缔约国内。
 
4. If a Contracting State makes no declaration under paragraph 1 of this article, the Convention is to extend to all territorial units of that State.
四、一缔约国未根据本条第一款作出声明，本公约适用于该国的所有领土单位。
 
Article 19. Declarations on the scope of application 　第十九条 　关于适用范围的声明
1. Any Contracting State may declare, in accordance with article 21, that it will apply this Convention only:(a) When the States referred to in article 1, paragraph 1, are Contracting States to this Convention; or (b) When the parties have agreed that it applies.
　一、任何缔约国均可根据第二十一条声明本国仅在下述情况下适用本公约：㈠第一条第一款中提及的国家是本公约的缔约国；或者 ㈡当事人约定适用本公约。
 
2. Any Contracting State may exclude from the scope of application of this Convention the matters it specifies in a declaration made in accordance with article 21.
二、任何缔约国均可将其在根据第二十一条所作的声明中指明的事项排除在本公约的适用范围之外。
 
Article 20. Communications exchanged under other international conventions
第二十条 根据其他国际公约进行的通信往来
 
1. The provisions of this Convention apply to the use of electronic communications in connection with the formation or performance of a contract to which any of the following international conventions, to which a Contracting State to this Convention is or may become a Contracting State, apply: Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (New York, 10 June 1958); Convention on the Limitation Period in the International Sale of Goods (New York, 14 June 1974) and Protocol thereto (Vienna, 11 April 1980); United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (Vienna, 11 April 1980); United Nations Convention on the Liability of Operators of Transport Terminals in International Trade (Vienna, 19 April 1991); United Nations Convention on Independent Guarantees and Stand-by Letters of Credit (New York, 11 December 1995); United Nations Convention on the Assignment of Receivables in International Trade (New York, 12 December 2001).
一、本公约的规定适用于与订立或履行本公约缔约国已加入或可能加入的下列任何国际公约所适用的合同有关的电子通信的使用： 《承认及执行外国仲裁裁决公约》（1958年6月10日，纽约）； 国际货物销售时效期限公约》（1974年6月14日，纽约）及其议定书（1980年4月11日，维也纳）； 《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》（1980年4月11日，维也纳）； 　　《联合国国际贸易运输港站经营人赔偿责任公约》（1991年4月19日，维也纳）； 《联合国独立担保和备用信用证公约》（1995年12月11日，纽约）； 《联合国国际贸易应收款转让公约》（2001年12月12日，纽约）。
 
2. The provisions of this Convention apply further to electronic communications in connection with the formation or performance of a contract to which another international convention, treaty or agreement not specifically referred to in paragraph 1 of this article, and to which a Contracting State to this Convention is or may become a Contracting State, applies, unless the State has declared, in accordance with article 21, that it will not be bound by this paragraph.
　二、本公约的规定还适用于与订立或履行本公约一缔约国已加入或可能加入但未在本条第一款中具体提及的另一国际公约、条约或协定所适用的合同有关的电子通信，除非该国已根据第二十一条声明其将不受本款的约束。
 
3. A State that makes a declaration pursuant to paragraph 2 of this article may also declare that it will nevertheless apply the provisions of this Convention to the use of electronic communications in connection with the formation or performance of any contract to which a specified international convention, treaty or agreement applies to which the State is or may become a Contracting State.
三、根据本条第二款作出声明的国家也可声明，对于与订立或履行该国已加入或可能加入的已指明的国际公约、条约或协定所适用的任何合同有关的电子通信的使用，本国仍将适用本公约的规定。
 
4. Any State may declare that it will not apply the provisions of this Convention to the use of electronic communications in connection with the formation or performance of a contract to which any international convention, treaty or agreement specified in that State’s declaration, to which the State is or may become a Contracting State, applies, including any of the conventions referred to in paragraph 1 of this article, even if such State has not excluded the application of paragraph 2 of this article by a declaration made in accordance with article 21.
四、任何国家均可声明，对于与订立或履行该国已加入或可能加入的而且在该国的声明中指明的任何国际公约、条约或协定，包括本条第一款中提及的任何公约所适用的合同有关的电子通信的使用，本国将不适用本公约的规定，即使该国尚未通过根据第二十一条作出声明的方式排除本条第二款的适用亦如此。
 
Article 21. Procedure and effects of declarations第二十一条 声明的程序和效力
1. Declarations under article 17, paragraph 4, article 19, paragraphs 1and 2, and article 20, paragraphs 2, 3 and 4, may be made at any time.Declarations made at the time of signature are subject to confirmation upon ratification, acceptance or approval.
一、任何时候均可根据第十七条第四款、第十九条第一和第二款以及第二十条第二、第三和第四款作出声明。在签署时作出的声明须在批准、接受或认可时加以确认。
 
2. Declarations and their confirmations are to be in writing and to be formally notified to the depositary.
二、声明及其确认，应以书面形式提出，并应正式通知保存人。
 
3. A declaration takes effect simultaneously with the entry into force of this Convention in respect of the State concerned. However, a declaration of which the depositary receives formal notification after such entry into force takes effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of six months after the date of its receipt by the depositary.
三、声明在本公约对有关国家开始生效时同时生效。但是，保存人于此种生效后收到正式通知的声明，应于保存人收到该项声明之日起满六个月后的下一个月第一日生效。
 
4. Any State that makes a declaration under this Convention may modify or withdraw it at any time by a formal notification in writing addressed to the depositary. The modification or withdrawal is to take effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of six months after the date of the receipt of the notification by the depositary.
四、根据本公约的规定作出声明的任何国家，可以在任何时候以书面形式正式通知保存人更改或撤回该项声明。此种更改或撤回于保存人收到通知之日起满六个月后的下一个月第一日生效。
 
Article 22. Reservations第二十二条 　保留
No reservations may be made under this Convention. 不得对本公约提出保留。
 
Article 23. Entry into force第二十三条 　生效
1. This Convention enters into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of six months after the date of deposit of the third instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
一、本公约于第三件批准书、接受书、认可书或加入书交存之日起满六个月后的下一个月第一日生效。
 
2. When a State ratifies, accepts, approves or accedes to this Convention after the deposit of the third instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, this Convention enters into force in respect of that State on the first day of the month following the expiration of six months after the date of the deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
　二、一国在第三件批准书、接受书、认可书或加入书交存之后才批准、接受、认可或加入本公约的，本公约于该国交存其批准书、接受书、认可书或加入书之日起满六个月后的下一个月第一日对该国生效。
 
Article 24. Time of application第二十四条 　　适用时间
This Convention and any declaration apply only to electronic communications that are made after the date when the Convention or the declaration enters into force or takes effect in respect of each Contracting State.
本公约和任何声明仅适用于在本公约或该声明对每一缔约国生效或产生效力之日后所进行的电子通信。
 
Article 25. Denunciations　　第二十五条 　退约
1. A Contracting State may denounce this Convention by a formal notification in writing addressed to the depositary.
一、缔约国得以书面形式正式通知保存人，宣布其退出本公约。
 
2. The denunciation takes effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of twelve months after the notification is received by the depositary. Where a longer period for the denunciation to take effect is specified in the notification, the denunciation takes effect upon the expiration of such longer period after the notification is received by the depositary. DONE at New York this twenty-third day of November two thousand and five, in a single original, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned plenipotentiaries, being duly authorized by their respective Governments, have signed this Convention.United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts
二、退约于保存人收到通知之日起满十二个月后的下一个月第一日起生效。凡通知内订明退约的生效需更长期限的，退约于保存人收到通知后该段更长期限届满时生效。
　　2005年[……]月[……]日订于纽约，正本一份，其阿拉伯文本、中文本、英文本、法文本、俄文本和西班牙文本具有同等效力。
　　下列署名全权代表，经各自政府正式授权，在本公约上签字，以昭信守